This development is leading its way to address many of the challenging issues facing energy and environmental sustainability. Therefore, the development of water splitting cells for hydrogen production from renewable sources and fuel cells for effective conversion of hydrogen to electricity has become a global drive towards a sustainable power package of the future (Fig. When it is used as the fuel in a fuel cell, it features not only high efficiency in energy conversion, but also produces zero pollution as it emits only water as a byproduct. As a clean and sustainable energy carrier, hydrogen has the highest gravimetric energy density. Hydrogen production by electricity-driven water splitting has become a promising strategy to convert the large excess amount of electrical energy from the renewable energy resources in the form of a clean fuel-hydrogen (H 2). With the large-scale solar or wind produced excess electricity, an alternative pathway for energy storage is needed. For the battery-based energy storage, it is increasingly difficult to store excess electricity from a large-scale production facility, which is very expensive and needs a large facility area. Indeed, systems such as hydrogen production from water splitting by electrolysis, fuel cells for converting hydrogen to electricity, and lithium-ion or metal-air batteries for energy storage have drawn a great deal of attention in recent decades. This need constitutes a major driving force for numerous innovations in energy conversion and storage systems. As a result, an efficient energy conversion and storage system is required in conjunction with the exploration of renewable energy sources for large scale utilization. However, such energy sources suffer from intermittent availability due to regional or seasonal factors. Nature offers various renewable sources such as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, biomass energy, etc. To deal with this problem, there has been a global drive seeking renewable and clean alternatives to fossil fuels. In 2018, there is 79.5% energy economy that relies on conventional energy sources such as coal, petroleum oil, and natural gas, which are not renewable and environmentally benign. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in the design of active and robust electrocatalysts for HER and OER towards efficient production of hydrogen from water splitting electrolysis will also be outlined.Įnergy and environment are two key issues in modern society which are necessities for the economic and social sustainable development of the world. New strategies and insights in exploring the synergistic structure, morphology, composition, and active sites of the nanostructured electrocatalysts for increasing the electrocatalytic activity and stability in HER and OER will be highlighted. Recent advances in the design and preparation of nanostructured noble-metal and non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts will be discussed. This will be followed by outlining current knowledge on the two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), in terms of reaction mechanisms in alkaline and acidic media. It will start with an introduction of the water splitting performance evaluation of various electrocatalysts in terms of activity, stability, and efficiency.

The development of active, stable, and low-cost catalysts or electrocatalysts is an essential prerequisite for achieving the desired electrocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting for practical use, which constitutes the central focus of this review. Water splitting electrolysis is a promising pathway to achieve the efficient hydrogen production in terms of energy conversion and storage in which catalysis or electrocatalysis plays a critical role. A key challenge is the efficient production of hydrogen to meet the commercial-scale demand of hydrogen. We also offer dual units with two separate independently controlled hydrogen water units for use with multiple baths/equipment or for reaching higher flowrates.As a promising substitute for fossil fuels, hydrogen has emerged as a clean and renewable energy. The device can be used in the production of semiconductors and displays for the cleaning of surfaces without the use of chemicals. Output line has a maximum flow rate of up to 100 liters per minute. Equipment HWG100/1 is used for the production of high purity DI water with controlled concentrations of dissolved hydrogen in the water.

Hydrogen water